← Back to Folyo

Canadian Invoicing FAQ

Answers to the most common questions about invoicing, GST/HST/QST, business numbers, and getting paid as a freelancer or contractor in Canada.

GST, HST & QST

What is the difference between GST and HST?

GST (Goods and Services Tax) is a federal tax of 5% that applies across Canada.

HST (Harmonized Sales Tax) combines the federal GST with a provincial sales tax into a single rate. Provinces using HST:

  • Ontario — 13%
  • New Brunswick — 15%
  • Nova Scotia — 15%
  • Prince Edward Island — 15%
  • Newfoundland & Labrador — 15%

In provinces without HST, you charge GST (5%) alone, or GST + a separate provincial tax (PST or QST).

Do I need to register for GST/HST as a freelancer?

You must register when your total taxable revenues exceed $30,000 in a single calendar quarter or over four consecutive quarters. Until then, you're a “small supplier” and registration is optional.

Once registered, you must charge and remit GST/HST on all taxable services.

What is the GST/HST small supplier threshold?

The threshold is $30,000 CAD in total taxable revenues over four consecutive calendar quarters. Once you exceed $30,000 in any rolling 12-month period, you must register within 29 days.

What is QST and who needs to charge it?

QST (Quebec Sales Tax) is Quebec's provincial sales tax at 9.975%, charged in addition to the federal GST (5%) for a combined rate of 14.975% in Quebec.

If you supply taxable services in Quebec and exceed the $30,000 threshold, you must register for QST with Revenu Québec (separate from your CRA GST registration).

How do I calculate QST on an invoice?

GST and QST are calculated separately on the subtotal — QST is not charged on top of GST.

  • Subtotal: $1,000.00
  • GST (5%): $50.00
  • QST (9.975%): $99.75
  • Total: $1,149.75

Folyo calculates this automatically when you select QST as your tax type.

Can I claim input tax credits (ITCs) on my business expenses?

Yes, if you're registered for GST/HST. ITCs let you recover the GST/HST you paid on business expenses — tools, software, materials, subcontractors, etc. You claim them on your GST/HST return to offset the tax you collected. Keep all supplier invoices for at least 6 years.

Do I need to charge PST in BC, Manitoba, or Saskatchewan?

PST rules vary by province:

  • British Columbia — PST is 7%. You must register if you make taxable sales in BC.
  • Manitoba — RST is 7% and applies to most goods and some services.
  • Saskatchewan — PST is 6% and applies broadly to goods and services.

Unlike GST/HST, PST has no single federal threshold — registration requirements depend on the province and what you sell. Check with your provincial tax authority if you're unsure whether your services are taxable.

Invoice Requirements

What information is required on a Canadian invoice?

Requirements scale with invoice size:

  • Under $30: supplier name, date
  • $30–$149.99: add your GST/HST number (if registered) and total charged
  • $150–$499.99: add description of services and buyer name
  • $500+: add per-item pricing and GST/HST shown separately

Best practice regardless of amount: business name, client name, invoice number, date, description of services, subtotal, tax, and total.

Do I need to include my GST/HST number on every invoice?

Yes, if you're registered. Your registration number (9-digit BN + RT0001, e.g. 123456789 RT0001) must appear on any invoice where you charge GST/HST. Clients need your number to claim their own input tax credits. If you're under the $30,000 threshold and not registered, you don't charge GST/HST and don't need a number.

How long do I need to keep invoices in Canada?

The CRA requires keeping all business records — including invoices — for at least 6 years from the end of the last tax year they relate to. Revenu Québec has the same 6-year requirement.

Can I invoice clients in US dollars (USD)?

Yes. There's no restriction on invoicing in foreign currencies. For GST/HST purposes, convert the amount to CAD using the Bank of Canada exchange rate on the invoice date. Services performed entirely for non-resident clients outside Canada are generally zero-rated (0% GST/HST).

What is the difference between an invoice and a receipt?

An invoice is a request for payment — sent before the client pays, showing what's owed and when. A receipt is proof of payment — issued after the client pays. Many invoices are marked PAID and serve as both. Keep both for at least 6 years.

What is the difference between a quote and an invoice?

A quote (also called an estimate) is sent before work begins — it outlines the scope, price, and terms for your client to approve. An invoice is a request for payment, sent after work is completed or at agreed milestones.

In Folyo, once a client accepts your quote online, you can convert it to an invoice in one click.

Business Numbers & Registration

What is a Business Number (BN)?

A Business Number is a 9-digit identifier assigned by the CRA to identify your business. It's the root number for all your CRA accounts — GST/HST (BN + RT0001), payroll (BN + RP0001), corporate income tax (BN + RC0001). You get one when you register for GST/HST or incorporate.

Do I need a Business Number to freelance or send invoices?

No. As a sole proprietor under the $30,000 GST/HST threshold, you can invoice using your own name or a business name without a BN. You only need one once you register for GST/HST (when you exceed $30,000 in taxable revenues).

What is an NEQ number?

NEQ stands for Numéro d'entreprise du Québec (Quebec Enterprise Number) — a 10-digit identifier assigned by the Registraire des entreprises du Québec (REQ). Sole proprietors operating under their own name don't need one, but those operating under a trade name in Quebec must register and receive an NEQ.

What is an RBQ number?

An RBQ number is a licence issued by the Régie du bâtiment du Québec — required for contractors and subcontractors doing construction, renovation, or electrical work in Quebec. Working without one can result in significant fines. Your RBQ number is typically included on invoices and contracts.

Do I need to be registered as a business to send invoices?

No. As a self-employed sole proprietor, you can legally send invoices under your own name and report income on your personal T1 return (T2125 form). No formal business registration required unless you operate under a trade name — in which case you may need provincial name registration.

Using Folyo

Can I use Folyo if I'm not based in Canada?

Yes. Folyo is built for Canadian freelancers and contractors, but it works for anyone. Use the custom tax field to enter your tax name (e.g. “Sales Tax”, “VAT”) and rate — Folyo applies it automatically to all your invoices.

Configure your custom tax in Settings → Preferences. It's available on every plan, no upgrade required.

How does Folyo handle PST?

Select PST + GST as your tax type in Settings, then choose your province (BC, Manitoba, or Saskatchewan). Folyo applies the correct combined rate and shows both taxes as separate line items on your invoices.

If you need a different rate or label — say, a custom provincial tax — you can also use the custom tax field to enter any name and rate.

How much does Folyo cost?

Folyo has three plans:

  • Free — $0/month: 3 invoices/month, unlimited clients, PDF invoices, all Canadian tax types
  • Solo — $10/month CAD: 15 invoices/month, online card payments, contracts, e-signatures, late fees, reminders, reports
  • Pro — $20/month CAD: unlimited invoices, recurring billing, time tracking, bulk actions, client statements

All plans support GST, HST, QST, PST, and custom tax types.

Is there a free plan?

Yes. The free plan is $0 forever — no credit card required, no trial period. It includes 3 invoices per month, unlimited clients, unlimited quotes, PDF invoices, and full Canadian tax support (GST, HST, QST, PST, custom).

Upgrade to Solo or Pro when you need more volume or features like card payments and contracts.

Getting Paid

What payment methods can I offer clients in Canada?

Common options:

  • Interac e-Transfer — free, instant, widely used in Canada
  • Credit/debit card — via Stripe (~2.9% + 30¢ per transaction)
  • Cheque — payable to your business name
  • Cash — for in-person work

Interac e-Transfer is the most popular for Canadian freelancers — no processing fee and available through any Canadian bank.

What is a late payment fee and can I charge one?

A late fee is an additional charge on overdue invoices. In Canada you can charge one as long as the terms are disclosed upfront on the invoice or in a contract. A common rate is 1.5–2% per month (18–24% annually). GST/HST generally applies to late fees on commercial accounts.

How do I handle overdue invoices in Canada?

Steps in order: send a reminder email referencing the invoice number and due date → apply a late fee if your terms allow it → send a formal demand letter → consider small claims court (limits vary by province: $35,000 in Ontario, $20,000 in BC, $15,000 in Quebec). Document everything.

Folyo handles GST, HST, QST, PST, and custom tax types automatically — so you can focus on the work, not the math.

Try Folyo free →